OHSU Receives Higher Medicare Payments than other Oregon Hospitals

Uninsured patients are charged two to three times more for the same procedure at area hospitals

By: 

 Courtney Sherwood

July 15, 2013 -- Sick Oregonians without health insurance regularly receive bills for two to three times what Medicare or private insurers are willing to pay to cover treatment, newly released medical billing data appears to indicate.

The data, from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, shows how much hospitals are paid for treating Medicare patients. The release includes average payments made for 99 medical conditions treated at 32 Oregon hospitals in 2011.

With an estimated 40 percent to 50 percent of health care charges originating at hospitals, the data is feeding a debate about U.S. medical costs – and fueling outrage about wide payment variations across hospitals.

“Billing procedures for American hospitals hold about as much logic and fiscal accountability as a lemonade stand,” said Patrick Riley, a senior industry analyst with market research firm Frost & Sullivan. Riley said the new financial data will provide a key role in showing just what health care costs – something that has been difficult, if not impossible, to dig up until now.

The data release shines a light on just how complicated medical billing is, as well. Medicare has shown how much hospitals bill for treatment, but those bills don’t determine how much each hospital is paid. Instead, Medicare uses a formula to determine how much hospitals are paid, based on condition, location of the hospital, and status of the hospital. Patients covered by Medicare or other forms of health insurance almost never pay the billed amount.

For example, hospitals across Oregon charged an average of $17,915 per patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (or COPD), but when treating Medicare patients they were only paid $6,952. In some cases, the difference between hospitals’ official price tag and what they receive from Medicare is substantial:

• Sky Lakes Medical Center has an average price tag of $27,919 when treating COPD patients who have complications, but the hospital is only paid $7,692 to treat them.
• Rogue Valley Medical Center’s average price tag for treating heart failure is $44,708, but the hospital receives an average of $13,132 per Medicare patient.

There’s also huge variation in the official price tag that hospitals affix to procedures. Providence Newburg billed an average of $9,933 to each of 13 kidney failure patients, while Legacy Mount Hood Medical Center billed an average of $24,409 to each of 20 patients treated for the same condition there. (Despite the wide variation in billed amount, the two hospitals collected fairly similar payments after treating Medicare patients – for treating kidney failure in Medicare patients, Providence Newberg was paid $5,987 on average and Legacy Mount Hood was paid $6,864 on average.)

Though Medicare’s data release demonstrates that the government pays far less than the official price tag for providing medical care, people without health insurance are billed the full amount.

Hospital officials point out that uninsured patients typically get an automatic discount. Oregon hospitals then typically offer a no-insurance discount. Bay Area Hospital knocks 25 percent off the bill, for example, and Legacy’s hospitals offer a 35 percent bill reduction for the uninsured. People with low incomes may be eligible for even deeper discounts if they qualify for charity care.

And even with discounts, the uninsured often receive bills for more than Medicare would pay.

Sky Lakes Medical Center billed an average of $17,776 to treat kidney and urinary tract infections. After applying the 15 percent discount that Sky Lakes offers uninsured patients, someone without health coverage could expect a bill for $15,109. Yet Sky Lakes collected just $5,949 per Medicare patient with the same diagnosis.

“Hospitals, in essence, charge the least capable of paying the most,” said Riley, the healthcare analyst.

The gap between what hospitals bill the uninsured, and what they’re paid for treating Medicare patients, is clear across numerous conditions.

For example, after treating kidney failure:

• Providence Newberg Medical Center was paid $5,987 to treat each of 13 Medicare patients, the lowest Oregon reimbursement rate for this procedure. Price tag without insurance: $5,987.
• Providence St Vincent was paid an average of $6,882 to treat each of 45 Medicare patients. Price tag without insurance: $12,011.
• Salem Hospital was paid an average of $6,905 to treat each of 52 Medicare patients. Price tag without insurance: $17,327.
• Good Samaritan Hospital in Corvallis was paid an average of $6,618 to treat each of 42 Medicare patients. Price tag without insurance: $19,262.
• Legacy Good Samaritan was paid an average of $8,108 to treat each of 19 Medicare patients. Price tag without insurance: $19,698.
• OHSU was paid an average of $10,335 to treat each of 65 Medicare patients, the most any Oregon hospital was paid for this procedure. Price tag without insurance: $17,066.

(Click here for complete kidney failure cost information.) 

OHSU paid more than other hospitals

A Lund Report review of the Medicare data release found that OHSU was paid considerably more than average when treating 94 percent of reviewed health conditions.

When patients enter OHSU with kidney failure with complications, the total cost is likely to average $10,335 – more than at any other hospital in Oregon. The same condition cost an average of $5,987 to treat at Providence Newberg Medical Center. Treating heart failure with multiple complications averages $15,012 at OHSU – compared to $9,006 at McKenzie-Willamette Medical Center.

Government officials have warned that the Medicare data is far from comprehensive, and that wide variation in payments to hospitals may be justified. Some patients are sicker than others, for example.

One hospital can also receive more than others because of Medicare’s own rules, according to OHSU officials.

Base payments are the same for all hospitals in the Portland metro area, said OHSU Hospital Chief Financial Officer Diana Gernhart. But Medicare pays OHSU extra because it serves more low-income patients than is typical across the state – a condition that bumps payments to a number of hospitals in the state. Medicare then pays still more to OHSU because it is a teaching hospital.

http://www.thelundreport.org/resource/ohsu_receives_higher_medicare_payments_than_other_oregon_hospitals

Owner of Cranford home health care company faces charges of fraudulent billing Medicaid

Acting Attorney General John Hoffman announced that the owner of Cranford home health aide provider was charged with fraudulent billing Medciad for services that were never rendered.The Star-Ledger 

CRANFORD — State authorities today charged the owner of a township-based company that provides home health care aides with submitting bills to Medicaid for services that were never rendered over a period of more than two years.

Laurie Provost, 53, of Sea Girt, owner of Home Care Solutions, was charged with seven counts of second-degree health care claims fraud and one count of third-degree Medicaid fraud, Acting Attorney General John Hoffman said in a statement.

State officials allege Provost submitted multiple requests for payment for services that were not provided, including bills for services to Medicaid beneficiaries while they were hospitalized or on vacation, Hoffman said.

He said Provost's company sends health care aides to serve Medicaid patients in their homes.

The charges cover bills filed from 2011 through this year, Hoffman said.

Today investigators from the state Office of the Fraud Insurance Prosecutor executed search warrants at the company's Commerce Drive office, as well as Provost's home and her 2009 Porsche Ceyanne, authorities said.

"Defrauding the Medicaid program is a very serious crime that puts an unfair burden on honest taxpayers and takes money out of a system meant to help those who are most vulnerable,” Hoffman said.

Acting Insurance Fraud Prosecutor Ronald Chillemi credited the state comptroller's office with first referring the matter for investigation.

A call to the Provost's company office was not immediately returned.

http://www.nj.com/union/index.ssf/2013/07/owner_of_cranford_home_health_care_company_faces_charges_of_fraudulent_billing_medicaid.html

North Carolina: Provider auditing firm ‘unreliable’

Posted: Saturday, July 13, 2013 5:00 pm | Updated: 12:58 am, Sun Jul 14, 2013.

By Steve Terrell
The New Mexican | 1 comment

The Boston-based company that found $36 million in Medicaid overpayments to 15 New Mexico behavioral health providers — and claimed evidence of fraud by the companies — did a similar study with similar results in North Carolina.

However, the North Carolina state auditor last year found some of the findings against those providers were overstated, and the figures reported by Public Consulting Group were “not proven to be reliable.”

One North Carolina provider that allegedly overcharged the state by more than $1.3 million actually had overcharged by less than 2 percent of that amount, the North Carolina state auditor said.

No spokesman for Public Consulting Group could be reached for comment Friday. But a spokesman for the New Mexico Human Services Department on Friday defended the company’s work in North Carolina.

In New Mexico last month, based on the audit performed by Public Consulting Group, the state Human Services Department froze funding for 15 behavioral health providers and referred the audit to the Attorney General’s Office for possible criminal prosecution.

Three of the 15 providers have had their funding fully or partly restored. But eight of the providers filed a federal lawsuit against Human Services Secretary Sidonie Squier. In the suit, the providers claim the action has been financially devastating. Some of the behavioral health companies have begun furloughing employees and shutting down services.

New Mexico’s Human Services Department is in the process of contracting with five Arizona companies — at a cost of up to $17.8 million — to be “on stand-by” to provide help with behavioral health services.

In addition, the providers’ lawsuit claims Squier’s public statements saying there is evidence of fraud has damaged the reputations of the providers. They have demanded “a meaningful name-clearing hearing, as required by the due process clause of the Constitution.”

State Auditor Hector Balderas said Friday that his office has received complaints about the behavior health provider issue and that his auditors and investigators are currently making “formal inquiries” to decide what course of action to take. Balderas said he’s already reached out to the North Carolina state auditor concerning the PCG Medicaid audit in that state.

The providers’ lawsuit brings up Public Consulting Group’s work in North Carolina, saying the company made auditing errors in New Mexico similar to mistakes made in North Carolina.

The company was hired by that state’s Health and Human Services Department to help identify Medicaid fraud. The contract was based on how much potential overpayments to providers they could identify. PCG reported $38.5 million in Medicaid overpayments and was paid $3.2 million.

However, in a July 2012 report, North Carolina State Auditor Beth Wood found that of the $38.5 million overpayments cited, the Health and Human Services Department had only been able to collect $3.7 million — less than 10 percent.

Wood’s report said “recoupments identified by PCG have not proven to be reliable, so the actual benefit derived from the contract is unclear.”

The report found at least one example in which the initial overpayment claimed by PCB turned out to be drastically less.

According to Wood’s report, her office began receiving a number of complaints about PCG’s review process. They decided to re-review one of the companies, which PCG said had overpayments totaling $1.34 million. “As a result of the providers submitting additional documentation and re-reviews … the recoupment amount was revised downward to only $22,093. It was unclear whether this was the result of the additional documentation provided or PCG’s policy interpretations during the review process.”

Similar to the situation in New Mexico, Wood told WRAL TV in Raleigh, N.C., last year, “We’ve had some complaints from providers that they’re about to be put out of business because of all the time they’ve had to spend to prove that they really haven’t committed fraud.”

Wood told the station that the way the contract was written was an incentive to PCG to inflate its findings.

Matt Kennicott, external affairs director for New Mexico’s Human Services Department, said the company’s New Mexico contract was not based on how much potential overpayments it identified. “There is zero financial incentive for them to produce findings,” he said.

A spokeswoman for the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services told WRAL last year, “The auditor’s report does not emphasize one crucial piece of information — the value of identifying fraudulent providers and stopping them from ever operating again. Even if we don’t recoup all the money lost, it’s impossible to put a price tag on the deterrent effect of our efforts. We may never know just how many millions we will prevent from ever going out the door.”

Kennicott said North Carolina benefited from PCG’s work there and has seen a 23 percent improvement in provider compliance in the past two years because of the audits.

“The vast majority of PCG’s clinical findings have been upheld by the [North Carolina] Department of Health and Human Services during their due process hearings,” Kennicott said. “More than 85 percent of their audit findings have been upheld during hearings upon appeal” in North Carolina, he said.

Contact Steve Terrell at sterrell@sfnewmexican.com. Read his political blog atroundhouseroundup.com.

North Carolina: Provider auditing firm ‘unreliable’ - The Santa Fe New Mexican: Local News

Harvard Medical School Focuses on Challenge of Healthcare Innovation

Boston: The Forum on Healthcare Innovation, a collaborative effort sponsored by Harvard Medical School and Harvard Business School, has released a report highlighting the results of the first of a series of annual conferences and surveys.

Titled “5 Imperatives: Addressing Healthcare’s Innovation Challenge,” the conference report represents the views of more than 100 experts from a wide variety of areas, including academics, physicians, healthcare providers, executives, public policymakers, investors, and insurers. The report summarizes the participants’ collective insights regarding one overarching concern: How can healthcare and business leaders best encourage innovations that lead to value—that is, the most optimal outcomes relative to dollars spent?

The accompanying survey reported several startling conclusions: Twenty percent of the more than 200 senior leaders responding to the full survey strongly believed that healthcare quality in the United States was starting from only a fair or poor position and falling behind other countries.

In addition, only one percent of them held the strongly positive sentiment that this country could significantly increase value through the combination of quality pulling ahead of other industrialized nations and healthcare costs growing more slowly than general inflation.

The Forum report prescribes five key imperatives most likely to yield practical progress:

Making value the central objective: In isolation, efforts to either reduce costs or improve outcomes are insufficient; we need to do both through care coordination and shared information.

Promoting novel approaches to process improvement: In the race for new products and services, we are overlooking important opportunities for improving the ways in which we deliver care. In addition, failure, managed wisely, represents an important component of experimentation and learning.

Making consumerism really work: Consumerism remains a strong idea with weak execution. We will achieve greater success when providers organize efforts around patient needs, and when patients become more active and informed agents in managing their own health.

Decentralization: We should facilitate the movement of care delivery and healthcare innovation from centralized centers of expertise to the periphery, where more providers, innovators, and patients can engage in collaborative improvement efforts.

Integrating the Old and New: Existing healthcare institutions must be reinforced with efforts to integrate new knowledge into established organizations and the communities they serve.

According to Harvard Business School professor Robert S. Huckman, co-chair of the Forum on Healthcare Innovation, “The 5 Imperatives report is a provocative compilation of core issues that can help us focus our energy, regardless of discipline, on the most truly urgent areas of innovation.”

Added co-chair and Harvard Medical School professor Barbara J. McNeil, MD, “The report reflects in microcosm the larger possibilities of the Forum itself: the collaborative power of healthcare and business leadership to provide care in which we can have confidence, at costs we can manage.”

Harvard Medical School Focuses on Challenge of Healthcare Innovation

Lawsuit alleges Jackson cardiologist falsified patient records to justify billing Medicare for unnecessary medical procedures

JACKSON, MI – Jackson cardiologist Dr. Jashu Patel falsely interpreted stress tests for patients as abnormal to justify billing Medicare for unnecessary cardiac procedures, according to allegations in a lawsuit settled this week.

Almost 90 percent of patients who were listed as having "abnormal" stress test results at Patel's practice, Jackson Cardiology Associates, between Jan. 29 and Feb. 28, 2007 had no significant coronary artery disease, according to the complaint filed by Ann Arbor cardiologist Dr. Julie Kovach with the U.S. District Court.

Kovach, previously employed as an independent contractor cardiologist at the practice, 205 Page Ave., also alleges that an elderly woman died as result of a cardiac procedure that was not needed and requested by Patel's office.

Patel, Jackson Cardiology Associates and Allegiance Health settled in a $4 million lawsuit that alleges that all three parties fraudulently and recklessly performed unnecessary cardiac procedures and billed them to federal health care programs.

Allegiance Health, Patel and Jackson Cardiology Associates all disagree with the allegations in the lawsuit and said they decided to settle in order to devote their resources to the care of their patients.

Kovach also alleged Allegiance Health officials received multiple complaints and warnings that Patel was performing these unnecessary procedures and continued to allow him to do so. Read the entire complaint by Kovach

Kovach is expected to receive $764,700 as part of the settlement.

"Unnecessary cardiac procedures and tests put patients at potential risk for life threatening complications, long-term effects of radiation exposure, and additional unnecessary and risky procedures as a result of the first one," Kovach said in a statement issued by Birmingham-based law firm Vezina Law. "Paying health care providers who perform unnecessary cardiac testing and procedures increases the cost of health care to all Americans."

Efforts to reach Kovach for additional comment were unsuccessful.

Health care fraud is a problematic issue across the country, with cases leading to settlements costing upward of hundreds of millions of dollars, said Louis Saccoccio, CEO of the Washington, D.C.-based National Health Care Anti-Fraud Association, a private-public organization comprised of private health insurers and federal and state government officials.

What is unique about the lawsuit involving Allegiance Health and Jackson Cardiology Associates is that it involved allegations of billing for unnecessary medical procedures, Saccoccio said. More commonly, health care fraud cases involve billing for procedures that were not performed in the first place, he said.

"That's a real extreme thing, as it relates to those patients," Saccoccio said about the allegations in the lawsuit against Allegiance Health and Jackson Cardiology Associates. "It has the potential to harm patients physically."

Kovach listed several patient cases between January and May 2008 and stated that they represented only a small sample of fraudulent activities by Patel and Jackson Cardiology Associates between 1998 and 2008. The following are some of the allegations filed in Kovach's complaint:

• Patel has ordered unnecessary stress tests for patients and falsified patient records to make it appear that they needed the tests.
• Patel has repeatedly ordered, performed, and billed for cardiac catheterizations for patients who did not meet any Medicare covered indications or medical guidelines.
• In many cases, Patel falsified and manufactured complaints of symptoms in patients' charts.

Dr. Jashu Patel

Allegiance settled the case for $1.8 million. Patel and Jackson Cardiology Associates settled for $2.2 million, according to the U.S. Attorney's Office.

Because the unnecessary procedures were paid for by the Medicare or Medicaid, the United States is entitled to monetary damages under the federal False Claims Act, which allows private citizens to sue those committing fraud against government programs, according to a statement from the U.S. Attorney's office.

Patel said his practice has provided care to patients in the Jackson community for more than 20 years and that the patients are the best judges of the practice.

"I'm really deeply saddened by what has occurred," Patel said about the allegations. "I want to put my resources back into the patients' care. Our patients are very supportive."

Patel has an active medical license that expires Jan. 31, 2014, according to the Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs. There are no complaints or disciplinary actions filed against Patel at this time, according to the office.

"It is very important to me to have excellent care in this town," Patel said. "We are trying to provide the best care for our patients."

Allegiance Health spokesman Jeff Kapuscinski said the hospital has brought in experts to review its processes and procedures to make sure they are based on evidence and best practices.

Kapuscinski said he believes there are some people who have concerns but has been pleasantly surprised by the support that the hospital has received.

"We place a great value in the trust that our patients have in our facility," he said. "Our main goal is to retain that trust that people have in us and in the care we provide."

In addition to the monetary settlement, the resolution also provides that Jackson Cardiology Associates and Allegiance Health will enter into integrity agreements with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General.

The Office of Inspector General negotiates these agreements with health care providers and other organizations as part of the settlement, according to the department's website.

Providers agree to the obligations, and in exchange, the office agrees to not seek their exclusion from participating in Medicare, Medicaid or other federal health care programs.

An integrity agreement typically lasts five years and includes the following requirements:

• Hire a compliance officer and appoint a compliance committee
• Develop written standards and policies
• Implement an employee training program
• Retain an independent review organization to conduct annual reviews
• Establish a confidential disclosure program
• Report over-payments, ongoing investigations and legal proceedings
• Provide an implementation report and annual reports to the Office of Inspector General on the status of the institution's compliance activities.

Although health institutions are required to have a compliance program, it is a significant event for a hospital or medical practice to be under an integrity agreement, Saccoccio said.

"(Health care providers) have to show they are complying with all (governmental) regulations that are in place," Saccoccio said. "It's a pretty stringent thing that they have to comply with to ensure that this doesn't happen again."

By Tarryl Jackson | tjackso1@mlive.com 
Follow on Twitter 
on July 13, 2013 at 7:30 AM

http://www.mlive.com/news/jackson/index.ssf/2013/07/lawsuit_alleges_jackson_cardio.html

Leading the Charge for Change from the Encounter Level

By Kameron Gifford, CPC / 7.13.2013  / kgifford@ermconsultinginc.com

You can’t manage healthcare today, with yesterday’s models, and be in business tomorrow...

In the context of education, is it culture or strategy that drives our desire for something better? In terms of change, is it more power or responsibility that one is seeking? And what has enabled some leaders to drive mass change across large organizations while others fail? Perhaps the single greatest predictor is the power of influence, the human factor that encourages and sustains the necessary energy to get to that point of “something better.”

The process of identifying and eliminating waste and ultimately defects was made famous by Toyota and has since infiltrated every other industry on some level. But can process improvements alone be enough to tackle the bureaucracy of America’s healthcare system? Can regulatory reform inspire those farthest from Congressional hill, those who return to the front lines day after day to care for our aging population of seniors or will it take something more?

The path of progress must not be paved in external motivation alone but incite the flames of internal desires to be effective. If the agent of change is not truly embodied in the cause themselves, then can the message accurately be broadcast from payer to provider to consumer or is it lost in translation?

As a consultant, an educator, or a trainer, it is that single moment of transition from external to internal, that aha moment, if you will, that keeps us coming back again and again. Empirical Risk Management was founded on the belief that change, must be initiated at the initial point of contact to be effective, and in managed care that means the process must begin when the patient walks in the door.

Over the last week, my husband and I were once again taken aback at the power of an individual to influence and inspire those around them. In Buffalo, New York just a few shorts steps from the Mission of Mercy Hospital, we witnessed progress first hand. Discreetly set against a row of similar houses turned businesses that line just another typical lazy road in upstate New York. But this is not your typical practice, inside you will find a leader, whose charge for change begins with strength and whose passion resonates within all four walls. The epitome of a healer, a champion of champions.

Our call to action was prompted by a desire to improve the “team” and to create a shared vision for the future. Our mission was not defined by reaction, but instead action, originating from that desire for something better. We were not there to “fix” a specific problem, but instead to observe, assess, and to improve if at all possible. These projects, coined RPI or rapid practice innovation, are not for the faint of heart, and in fact the obscurity of the task often leads most to shy away. However, it is that exact uncertainity that elicits my passion. For isn’t it the shared success of the sum that is greater than the individual triumphs?

The value that is derived from a receptionist who understands the clinical significance of a 1% improvement in a Hgb A1c will far exceed the value of your investment. A nurse who understands the 10 guiding principles that influenced the creation of the CMS-HCC model will inherently improve the experience for both the provider and the health plan. A coder who understands the potential financial impact of rejected encounters on the Medicare Advantage plan will provide incredible value to your revenue cycle. It is this proactive team approach at the initial point of contact that ultimately improves outcomes and minimizes opportunities for errors.

And at the end of the day, it is this shared vision, that unites once starkly contrasting goals into one uniformed march towards innovation.

University City doctor gets year in prison for health care fraud : News

July 11, 2013 4:43 pm  •  By Robert Patrick rpatrick@post-dispatch.com 314-621-5154

ST. LOUIS • A doctor from University City was sentenced to 366 days in federal prison Thursday for overbilling Medicare and Medicaid, prosecutors said.
Dr. Wit A. Jamry, 62, pleaded guilty in U.S. District Court here in February to a health care fraud charge and admitted that from 2007-11, he and his practice billed $26,227 for his time while he was actually out of town or out of the country. Some of the work was performed by a nurse practitioner while Jamry was in Atlanta, Poland and Mexico.
Jamry also billed over $92,773 for patient visits lasting more than an hour when there was no evidence to show that he or his nurse practitioner had spent that amount of time, prosecutors say.
Jamry faced 12 to 18 months in prison under federal guidelines.
He and his company, Dr. Wit-Internal Medicine Professional Geriatric, P.C., were ordered to repay $119,000 and Jamry was fined $30,000.
At the time of his plea, Jamry was an adjunct associate professor at St. Louis University Medical School’s Division of Geriatrics and practiced at St. Luke’s Hospital and Des Peres Hospital.


University City doctor gets year in prison for health care fraud : News

UnitedHealthcare expecting big savings from accountable care | EHRintelligence.com

Author Name Kyle Murphy, PhD   |   Date July 12, 2013

 

While many in the healthcare industry are awaiting evidence that accountable care organizations (ACOs) will actually lead to more manageable costs, one health insurer is exceedingly confident that the adoption of accountable models is paying off and will continue to do so in the coming years. In a midweek announcement, UnitedHealthcare indicated its expectation of a sizeable increase in ACO contracts in the next four years.

The news comes just a couple weeks after both Aetna and Cigna signaled their efforts to increase their skin in the ACO game by striking agreements with healthcare organizations serving Arizona, Kentucky, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Virginia.

Already working with more than 575 hospitals, 1,100 medical groups and 75,000 physicians nationally, UnitedHealthcare intends to take an even more aggressive approach within the five years to grow its ACO contract base. After revealing that it had already paid out $20 billion in reimbursements to healthcare organizations and providers, the company anticipates these figures reaching $50 billion by 2017.

According to Wednesday’s announcement UnitedHealthcare’s ACO strategy consists of three categories which vary according to the amount of financial risk the provider is willing to assume:

Performance-based programs: bonus-based incentives for primary care practices, or performance-based contracts with hospitals, physicians and ancillary care providers for successfully improving patient health outcomes and lowering costs.

Centers of Excellence programs: bundled reimbursements for specific treatments and/or procedures rather than charging for each visit or drug administered.

Accountable care programs: Conventional ACOs and patient-centered medical homes in which both the health plan and provider share risk and savings.

And if its figures are correct, each of these programs is currently proving capable of positively impacting healthcare costs. For instance, the organization’s performance-based programs have shown the ability to reduce the use of non-Tier 1 (i.e., those with higher copays) and out-of-network laboratory services by 14 percent and 25 percent, respectively. Similarly positive results have emerged from the other two categories as well with reductions in medical cost trend (4–4.5%), emergency room visits (16%), and inpatient days (17%).

UnitedHealthcare expecting big savings from accountable care | EHRintelligence.com

Educating Florida about healthcare reform starts with conversation

 

Read more here: http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/07/10/3494352/educating-florida-about-healthcare.html#storylink=cpy

By Patricia Borns

pborns@MiamiHerald.com

Enroll America, a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit whose mission is to educate Americans about their healthcare options under the Affordable Care Act, kicked off its Florida campaign Wednesday in Miami with a training session for more than 25 newly hired organizers who will be reaching out to residents statewide.
With a Jan. 1, 2014, deadline for most Americans to get heath insurance coverage, Floridians who aren’t already insured or don’t qualify for Medicaid will need to choose a healthcare plan, either from the private market or from one of the new healthcare exchange plans that will be available on Oct. 1. While the plans don’t exist yet, and even the “navigators” who will help Floridians understand the new marketplace aren’t yet known, Enroll America and other groups are wasting no time getting the healthcare word out.
“Seventy-eight percent of Americans have no idea there’s a health marketplace,” the organization’s state director, Nick Duran, told the group assembled in a small United Way conference room. Team members, many hired within the past two weeks, must be ready to recruit and train volunteers, bring local partner organizations on board and start knocking on doors by the statewide “weekend of action” event starting July 27.
Nationally, Enroll America is funded by Kaiser Permanente, Families USA and other top donors to President Barack Obama’s 2012 campaign.
Jimmy Tan, the organizer responsible for reaching out to residents in Miami-Dade County — Enroll America’s most critical Florida region — is a veteran of Obama’s 2012 Organizing for America campaign in Florida. Tan’s staff of seven were chosen for their grassroots organizing experience in targeted Hispanic and Haitian neighborhoods, where they’ll be recruiting volunteers and partner organizations to help spread the word.
Florida Organizing Director Ray Paultre, who helped kick off the training session, said he expects educating people on healthcare reform will take six or seven conversations per person to reach each “target” in his organization’s database, which includes hundreds of thousands across the state. The conversations are aimed at individuals and families whose incomes would qualify them to receive federal tax credits to offset the cost of a healthcare plan.
Others besides Enroll America are getting into the consumer education act, including insurance giant Florida Blue, which will be participating in the new healthcare exchange.
“One of the interesting things is that only 10 to 15 percent of Americans have ever purchased their own health insurance policy. Most go through their employers or are uninsured,” said Florida Blue chief strategy and marketing officer Craig Thomas.
To help them, Florida Blue plans more than 3,000 seminars to demystify the new health reform guidelines.
While the training session had the earmarks of an efficient political machine, Enroll America organizers say their mission has no party affiliation. “When the conversation is about healthcare, people tend to leave their politics at the door,” Paultre said.
This story was produced in partnership with Kaiser Health News, an editorially independent program of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, a nonprofit, nonpartisan health policy research and communication organization not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.

Read more here: http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/07/10/3494352/educating-florida-about-healthcare.html#storylink=cpy

By Patricia Borns

Enroll America, a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit whose mission is to educate Americans about their healthcare options under the Affordable Care Act, kicked off its Florida campaign Wednesday in Miami with a training session for more than 25 newly hired organizers who will be reaching out to residents statewide.

With a Jan. 1, 2014, deadline for most Americans to get heath insurance coverage, Floridians who aren’t already insured or don’t qualify for Medicaid will need to choose a healthcare plan, either from the private market or from one of the new healthcare exchange plans that will be available on Oct. 1. While the plans don’t exist yet, and even the “navigators” who will help Floridians understand the new marketplace aren’t yet known, Enroll America and other groups are wasting no time getting the healthcare word out.
“Seventy-eight percent of Americans have no idea there’s a health marketplace,” the organization’s state director, Nick Duran, told the group assembled in a small United Way conference room. Team members, many hired within the past two weeks, must be ready to recruit and train volunteers, bring local partner organizations on board and start knocking on doors by the statewide “weekend of action” event starting July 27.
Nationally, Enroll America is funded by Kaiser Permanente, Families USA and other top donors to President Barack Obama’s 2012 campaign.
Jimmy Tan, the organizer responsible for reaching out to residents in Miami-Dade County — Enroll America’s most critical Florida region — is a veteran of Obama’s 2012 Organizing for America campaign in Florida. Tan’s staff of seven were chosen for their grassroots organizing experience in targeted Hispanic and Haitian neighborhoods, where they’ll be recruiting volunteers and partner organizations to help spread the word.
Florida Organizing Director Ray Paultre, who helped kick off the training session, said he expects educating people on healthcare reform will take six or seven conversations per person to reach each “target” in his organization’s database, which includes hundreds of thousands across the state. The conversations are aimed at individuals and families whose incomes would qualify them to receive federal tax credits to offset the cost of a healthcare plan.
Others besides Enroll America are getting into the consumer education act, including insurance giant Florida Blue, which will be participating in the new healthcare exchange.
“One of the interesting things is that only 10 to 15 percent of Americans have ever purchased their own health insurance policy. Most go through their employers or are uninsured,” said Florida Blue chief strategy and marketing officer Craig Thomas.
To help them, Florida Blue plans more than 3,000 seminars to demystify the new health reform guidelines.
While the training session had the earmarks of an efficient political machine, Enroll America organizers say their mission has no party affiliation. “When the conversation is about healthcare, people tend to leave their politics at the door,” Paultre said.
This story was produced in partnership with Kaiser Health News, an editorially independent program of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, a nonprofit, nonpartisan health policy research and communication organization not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.  http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/07/10/3494352/educating-florida-about-healthcare.html  

Read more here: http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/07/10/3494352/educating-florida-about-healthcare.html#storylink=cpy

Audit: State overpays $11.4M in medical costs

Comptroller's audit reveals continuing pattern of problems

Rick Karli, Times Union Copyright 2013 Times Union. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

By Rick Karlin     Updated 9:51 pm, Tuesday, July 9, 2013

New audits from the state comptroller's office find that the state Department of Health is consistently misdiagnosing how much it should pay for Medicaid services, resulting in millions of dollars in annual overpayments to doctors and others who send in the wrong bills.
"Year after year, my auditors identify the same types of Medicaid errors due to weak controls," Comptroller Tom DiNapoli said in a statement accompanying audits that found some $11.4 million in overpayments.
The findings, released Tuesday, reached back to 2009 and focus on Medicaid and Medicare.
Medicaid is the insurance program for the poor, while Medicare pays for seniors and the disabled. Some New Yorkers receive both. In those cases, Medicare pays most of a charge and Medicaid pays the balance.
Auditors looked at more than 201,000 claims and found that care providers had incorrectly reported the charges — posting their own stated rates rather than the lower rate Medicare allows. That added up to more than $7 million in overpayments in 2009.
The health department responded that it refined its billing system at the end of 2009, just as the audit period was ending.
But in a six-month audit looking at a period that ended on March 31, 2012, the comptroller's office found $4.1 million in overpayments.
The findings included billings for duplicative procedures, bills for "high (intensive) levels of care" when less costly treatments would have sufficed, and improper payments for physician administered drugs.
In one case, a Pennsylvania provider charged that state's higher rates for transportation. In another case, a nursing home and hospice both charged for services given to the same patient.
Of the $4.1 million, $3.8 million was recovered, the audit said.
Assemblyman Richard Gottfried, D-Manhattan, who heads the chamber's health committee, said he wasn't surprised by the findings given the size and complexity of the Medicaid system.
"Running a $50 billion system and trying to make corrections while it's running 24-7 is tough," he said.
Gottfried also suggested that the health department could use more people to track Medicaid.
"Nobody ever marched on Albany demanding that there be more clerks in the health department," he said, "although when you squeeze those budgets down, inaccuracies happen."

rkarlin@timesunion.com • 518-454-5758 • @RickKarlinTU
http://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Audit-State-overpays-11-4M-in-medical-costs-4655865.php

 

Supervisor of $63 Million Health Care Fraud Scheme Sentenced in Florida to 10 Years in Prison

U.S. Department of Justice July 08, 2013

WASHINGTON—A former supervisor at defunct health provider Health Care Solutions Network Inc. (HCSN) was sentenced today in Miami to serve 10 years in prison for her central role in a fraud scheme that resulted in more than $63 million in fraudulent claims to Medicare and Florida Medicaid.
The sentence was announced by Acting Assistant Attorney General Mythili Raman of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division; U.S. Attorney Wifredo A. Ferrer of the Southern District of Florida; Michael B. Steinbach, Special Agent in Charge of the FBI’s Miami Field Office; and Special Agent in Charge Christopher B. Dennis of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General (HHS-OIG), Office of Investigations Miami Office.
Wondera Eason, 51, of Miami, was sentenced by U.S. District Judge Cecilia M. Altonaga in the Southern District of Florida. In addition to her prison term, Eason was sentenced to serve three years of supervised release and ordered to pay $14,985,876 in restitution.
On April 25, 2013, a federal jury found Eason guilty of conspiracy to commit health care fraud.
Eason was employed as the director of medical records at HCSN’s partial hospitalization program (PHP). A PHP is a form of intensive treatment for severe mental illness. In Florida, HCSN operated community mental health centers at two locations. After stealing millions from Medicare and Medicaid in Florida, HCSN’s owner, Armando Gonzalez, expanded the scheme to North Carolina, opening a third HCSN location in Hendersonville, North Carolina.
Evidence at trial showed that at all three locations, Eason, a certified medical records technician, oversaw the alteration, fabrication, and forgery of thousands of documents that purported to support the fraudulent claims HCSN submitted to Medicare and Medicaid. Many of these medical records were created weeks or months after the patients were admitted to HCSN facilities in Florida for purported PHP treatment and were utilized to support false and fraudulent billing to government-sponsored health care benefit programs, including Medicare and Medicaid. Eason directed therapists to fabricate documents, and she also forged the signatures of therapists and others on documents that she was in charge of maintaining. Eason interacted with Medicare and Medicaid auditors, providing them with false and fraudulent documents, while certifying the documents were accurate.
The “therapy” at HCSN often consisted of nothing more than patients watching Disney movies, playing bingo, and having barbeques. Eason directed therapists to remove any references to these recreational activities in the medical records.
According to evidence at trial, Eason was aware that HCSN in Florida paid illegal kickbacks to owners and operators of Miami-Dade County assisted living facilities (ALFs) in exchange for patient referral information to be used to submit false and fraudulent claims to Medicare and Medicaid. Eason also knew that many of the ALF referral patients were ineligible for PHP services because many patients suffered from mental retardation, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease.
From 2004 through 2011, HCSN billed Medicare and the Medicaid program more than $63 million for purported mental health services.
Fifteen defendants have been charged and have pleaded guilty or been convicted by a jury for their roles in the HCSN health care fraud scheme.
This case is being investigated by the FBI and HHS-OIG and was brought as part of the Medicare Fraud Strike Force, supervised by the Criminal Division’s Fraud Section and the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of Florida. This case was prosecuted by Trial Attorney Allan J. Medina, former Special Trial Attorney William Parente, and Deputy Chief Benjamin D. Singer of the Criminal Division’s Fraud Section.
Since its inception in March 2007, the Medicare Fraud Strike Force, now operating in nine cities across the country, has charged more than 1,500 defendants who have collectively billed the Medicare program for more than $5 billion. In addition, HHS’s Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, working in conjunction with HHS-OIG, is taking steps to increase accountability and decrease the presence of fraudulent providers.

http://www.fbi.gov/miami/press-releases/2013/supervisor-of-63-million-health-care-fraud-scheme-sentenced-in-florida-to-10-years-in-prison

CMS proposes 3.5 percent Medicare home health pay cut

 

By Allison Bell | July 1, 2013

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) thinks home health agencies over-report their costs by an average of 8 percent.
CMS gave evidence from home health agency audits as one justification for a proposed 3.5 percent cut in the Medicare home health agency payment rate that it would use in calendar year 2014.
CMS, an arm of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), plans to publish the proposed home health payment system rate update regulations (CMS-1450-P) in the Federal Register Wednesday.
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) requires CMS to phase in home health care rebasing adjustments over a four year period, officials said in a preamble to the proposed regulations.
Comments on the proposed regulations are due Aug. 26.
CMS officials noted that could have come up with a different cut in home health payments by adjusting cost estimates to reflect the results of the audit that showed that home health agencies have been inflating their reported costs by an average of 8 percent.
"We considered setting our target national, standardized 60-day episode payment rate for rebasing at 5 percent below the estimated cost per episode that we derived from the 2011 cost reports," officials said. "We plan to continue to evaluate these alternative factors for rebasing."
Officials said they also considered adjusting the payment rate for expected changes in the mix of cases but believe they need more data to do that.
The National Association for Home Care & Hospice (NAHC) said CMS came up with its payment reduction proposal after assuming that home health care providers have a margin, or difference between revenue and costs, of 13.63 percent.
NAHC figures show the margin is closer to 8 percent to 9 percent, the group said.
"NAHC is seeking clarifications and a full disclosure of [the] calculation data and methodology," NAHC said. "At this point, NAHC believes that the proposal is based on an unsupportable calculation."
NAHC estimated that the CMS rate cut could lead to about half of home health care providers would be getting less money from CMS than they need to cover the cost of providing care.

http://m.lifehealthpro.com/2013/07/01/cms-proposes-35-percent-medicare-home-health-pay-c

Health Plan Rorschach Test: Direct Primary Care

Despite its inclusion in Obamacare, Direct Primary Care (DPC, aka Concierge Medicine for the Masses), it’s surprising how few health insurance executives know about DPC. DPC  is a model of paying for primary care outside of insurance. The individual or organization paying for healthcare pays a monthly fee (like a gym membership) for all primary care needs. Generally, DPC providers say they can address 80 or more of the top 100 most common diagnoses.

Once I explain DPC to insurance executives, I have found it’s an excellent Rorschach test reflecting whether that executive’s organization is playing to win or is back on their heels regarding the wrenching changes that are reshaping healthcare from the DIY Health Reform movement as well as the effects of Obamacare. For example, rapid growth of self-insuring by corporations is a trend pre-dating Obamacare but many expect it to accelerate as self-insuring gives companies down to 20 employees more flexibility than Obamacare rules allow.

Forward-looking health plans view DPC as part of a broader strategy to reinvent themselves. For example, the parent company of a large Blue Shield recently invested in the pioneer of DPC, Qliance. Conversely, health plans that are back on their heels simply look at it as a way they will get disintermediated. This DPC Rorschach test will presage how that health plan will fare in the coming years. For example, some will discount it as only applicable for a certain segment of the population such as the “worried well” yet I’ve found the exact opposite. For example, the Grameen Foundation (famous for its Nobel Prize-winning founder known for microfinance) has brought it to low-income populations in New York that the Financial Times reported on. In Washington state, DPC is now being used with Medicaid populations.

Over the years, the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF) has commissioned many excellent reports outlining trends affecting healthcare. Just as they wrote about retail clinics several years ago as they began to emerge, they wanted a similar analysis done for DPC. The CHCF asked me as I’ve studied DPC perhaps more than anyone other than those operating DPC businesses. Many ask why I have OCD on DPC. My answer is twofold.

1. There is a lot to learn from  organizations demonstrating the Triple Aim (lower costs, improved outcomes, better consumer experience). I’ve yet to see any model that more consistently delivers on the Triple Aim than DPC.
2. When you found a tech startup, you make a bet on how the future will unfold so that you can get there before your competition. Our bet a few years ago when we began has now become obvious — healthcare will become more patient-centric, accountable and coordinated. In other words, virtually the opposite of the “do more, bill more” model that is bankrupting our country. My belief is DPC is a microcosm of the future healthcare system so I’ve been studying it and working with DPC providers the last few years. Naturally, DPC providers have a fundamentally different set of requirements than traditional players so it is helpful in shaping our decisions. See The Marcus Welby/Steve Jobs Solution to the Medicaid-driven State & County Budget Crisis for what I wrote earlier. 

The CHCF published the DPC report I wrote in April. It is a good summary of what I have learned. CHCF papers have a neutral, objective tone which is appropriate for their role. However, I have formed opinions about DPC so I’m publishing here my raw perspective on DPC starting with an introduction. Please see the introduction and history of DPC below.

[Contact me via LinkedIn if you'd like a copy of the full seminal study on the Direct Primary Care model]

Introduction

This paper provides the landscape of an emerging practice model called Direct Primary Care (DPC) sometimes referred to as “concierge medicine for the masses”. There are over a half million people in DPC practices. With DPC legislation passed in some states and inclusion in the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the implications, successes and obstacles to DPC growth are explored. The field is too young for detailed national studies so some of the early notable players were studied. Over a dozen DPC organizations were studied as well as interviewed payers, purchasers and consumers to gain their perspective on the DPC model. In state regulatory and legislative language these practices are sometimes referred to as “retainer practices, “ and are defined as those that charge a recurring monthly fee in exchange for a set of services.

Direct Primary Care is defined as retainer practices that charge less than $100 per month per patient. Most charge in the $50-80 per month range. Of note, we are not including in this definition practices that continue to bill insurance companies for their services but charge in addition a monthly fee to patients. While these practices are able to provide additional time and resources to their patients, they are still largely driven by the current fee-for-service business model, and subject to its limitations.

History

Just a few decades ago, it was the norm to have a direct paying relationship with one’s physician, whether it was cash or bartering some product or service. As health insurance expanded from primarily catastrophic coverage to payment for all facets of healthcare, the direct relationship between patient and provider deteriorated. One of the founders of the Direct Primary Care movement, Dr. Garrison Bliss, articulated the changes in healthcare payment and their effect as follows:

“To a very real extent, when patients do not pay or control the payment to their physicians, their power and influence in health care declines.  In the current fee-for-service health care insurance environment funded by employers and governments, physicians are paid for diagnosis and treatment codes.  

Bliss goes on to say that the result of these changes has led to a decline in the perceived value of primary care, a massive dependence on medical technology and a focus on higher cost procedures over effective, results-oriented health care.

Brian Klepper, PhD, and David C. Kibbe, MD, MBA outline the roots of valuing specialist care at the expense of primary care in a piece about the playing field being extremely tilted towards specialists in this Kaiser Health News piece. Part of the transition back to patient-driven care began with the first concierge practice, opened in Seattle in 1996 by Howard Maron and Scott Hall. It was called MD2 (“MD squared”) and charged $1,000 per member per month. Shortly thereafter in 1997, also in Seattle, Garrison Bliss and Mitch Karton converted Seattle Medical Associates from a fee-for-service insurance Internal Medicine practice to a maximum $65 per monthly fee Direct Primary Care practice.  This is currently a three- physician practice that remains highly successful and popular.  Dr. Bliss later went on to establish Qliance Medical Group of Washington PC, the first scalable Direct Primary Care practice designed for the mass market.

Bliss and Karton determined that a panel size of 800 for their combined practice would be the break-even point.  1600 would be a full practice. (i.e., 2 MDs with 800 patients each). Bliss and Karton designed their DPC practice with the following design principles that persist to this day:

• Work for our patients directly – know who’s the boss (the patient).
• Give the providers and the patients time to do the job right.  Keep the panel sizes low and expectations high.
• Be open when patients need you to be open (12-hr days, weekends) and/or accessible electronically.
• Don’t charge insurance co-pays or deductibles.
• Don’t pay providers to do anything but the right thing for our patients – no incentives to “do stuff” as the fee-for-service model has encouraged.
• Build an electronic medical record that does medicine, not insurance billing.
• Monthly fees go to care, not an “insurance bureaucracy tax”.
• Frequently ancillaries are either free or at cost such as lab tests and prescriptions.

Within a year of Seattle Medical Associates converting its practice to Direct Primary Care, yet another innovative practice in Seattle – SimpleCare – was created by Vern Cherewatenko, M.D. and David MacDonald, D.O. Dr. Cherewatenko describes what led them to switch their model:

We both had excellent business staff and business-wise ran a very tight ship. Our combined practice billings totaled over $10 million, not a tiny operation by any means. With a combined annual practice billing of $10 million we calculated that we were losing approximately $7 per patient or $80,000 per month.

They realized they couldn’t make it up in volume. With 2 clinics, 55 providers and 75,000 patients, they needed 6 clerks just to deal with copying of records from patients transferring in and out of various managed care plans. They analyzed their average patient charges and they described it as follows:

• Their charge for a 10-minute patient visit was $79.
• The insurance companies typically reimbursed $43
• Costs of collection were anywhere from $5-20 depending on the staff time, billing system, etc. (All doctors know they are discounted, but most doctors overlook what it costs to collect the $43).
• Therefore, the actual fee reimbursement for a $79 charge was $23.
• With a single, all-inclusive exam room overhead at $30 (the national average), they discovered they were losing about $7 on each of the 75,000 patients they were seeing annually.

This analysis caused them to rethink what they had taken for granted.

“We knew we could not cut our overhead any further– we had been doing that for the past 2 years (cheaper copy paper, less fancy patient info, less nurses, less receptionists, no more “pantry stocking,” and so on). We were running as lean as we could, practically on bare bones.”

Extent of Direct Primary Care

Although DPC practices are currently evolving primarily as a grassroots movement and most of these practices make little effort to obtain national recognition, they have been identified in at least 24 states and are burgeoning in several regions including California, Florida, Washington State and Texas.  With the advent of scalable versions of DPC practices with national aspirations like Iora Health, MedLion, Paladina Health, Qliance, and White Glove Health, it is this author’s opinion that the DPC movement will grow rapidly in the coming decade, particularly if the US health care system fails to find other solutions to the problems of declining primary care, high cost, accessibility and poor performance.

Note that some of the DPC providers profiled in this paper also offer additional primary care options such as near-site and on-site clinics. The care delivery model is essentially the same, however they offer their services only to a limited number of employers.

Cottage DPC Industry Emerges

After the first DPC practices formed in Seattle, an array of entrepreneurs followed the model pioneered by Dr. Garrison Bliss or simply came up with a model on their own, unaware that others had begun to develop similar practices. Some of the notable pioneers include Drs. Vic Wood of Primary Care One in West Virginia, Brian Forrest of Access Healthcare in North Carolina, and Samir Qamar of MedLion in California. In addition, venture-backed White Glove Health in Texas developed a model with Nurse Practitioners making house calls.

By sheer numbers, White Glove Health is the most successful DPC organization, with over 500,000 members. The others all have fewer than 5,000 patients thus far. Not all DPC practices have had quick success. For instance, Symbeo based out of New Jersey raised and then burned through capital before it became economically sustainable.

The entrance of the highly successful dialysis company, DaVita, is one of the biggest recent developments in DPC. They bought a DPC/onsite clinic company ModernMed, a healthcare service firm providing direct primary care in 12 states through employer-based, on-site clinics and private physician practices. Later, they bought Healthcare Partners, the country’s largest operator of medical groups and physician networks, for over $4B. The DPC/onsite company is the foundation of DaVita’s new division, Paladina Health. Some of the Healthcare Partners practices could transition to a DPC model. DaVita has jumpstarted Paladina by enrolling DaVita’s largest concentration of employees in Tacoma, Washington with over 1,000 employees and their dependents.

Even more recently, Qliance has received a major infusion of capital from Cambia Health (parent company of a regional Blue Shield). This is one of the best signs that health plans are beginning to wake up to the DPC opportunity. Qliance’s previous investors have been founders of some of the most successful technology companies of the last 20 years – Amazon, aQuantive, Dell and Expedia.

Five Largest DPC Providers:

	Key Accounts	# of Patients	Fee structure	Unique attributes
Iora Health	Dartmouth, Culinary Health Fund, Freelancers Insurance Company	2,400+	Per member, per month (PMPM) based on risk adjusted acuity, currently averaging approx $80 PMPM	Primarily near site clinics for union-based organizations, insurers, and self insured employers
MedLion	Primarily individuals	2,000+	$59/mth + $10 copay	Transitioning fee-for-service practices to DPC – supports hybrid insurance/direct practices; operates in CA, NV, WA
Paladina Health	DaVita employees + 15 undisclosed employers	8,000+	$85-$125 PMPM	Acquired ModernMed;Concierge-level physician access; Transparency solution;Puts fees at risk based on achieving cost savings, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcome targets
Qliance	United Food & Commercial Workers, Expedia	5,000+	Average $65 PMPM	Most comprehensive list of services covered in monthly fee
White Glove Health	Highgate Hotels, Beryl Companies, Ivie & Assoc	40,000 via self-insured employers; 450,000 via health plans	Up to $35 PMPM + $35 per visit fee	House/office calls & remote delivered by nurse practitioners overseen by doctors

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PHARMA & HEALTHCARE

 7/06/2013 @ 9:00AM

This article is available online at:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/davechase/2013/07/06/health-plan-rorschach-test-direct-primary-care/